Table of Contents

1. Overview
2. Invocation

2.1 Command Line Options

2.1.1 Options Specific to i386 PE Targets
2.1.2 Options specific to Motorola 68HC11 and 68HC12 targets

2.2 Environment Variables

3. Linker Scripts

3.1 Basic Linker Script Concepts
3.2 Linker Script Format
3.3 Simple Linker Script Example
3.4 Simple Linker Script Commands

3.4.1 Setting the Entry Point
3.4.2 Commands Dealing with Files
3.4.3 Commands Dealing with Object File Formats
3.4.4 Other Linker Script Commands

3.5 Assigning Values to Symbols

3.5.1 Simple Assignments
3.5.2 PROVIDE

3.6 SECTIONS Command

3.6.1 Output Section Description
3.6.2 Output Section Name
3.6.3 Output Section Description
3.6.4 Input Section Description

3.6.4.1 Input Section Basics
3.6.4.2 Input Section Wildcard Patterns
3.6.4.3 Input Section for Common Symbols
3.6.4.4 Input Section and Garbage Collection
3.6.4.5 Input Section Example

3.6.5 Output Section Data
3.6.6 Output Section Keywords
3.6.7 Output Section Discarding
3.6.8 Output Section Attributes

3.6.8.1 Output Section Type
3.6.8.2 Output Section LMA
3.6.8.3 Forced Input Alignment
3.6.8.4 Output Section Region
3.6.8.5 Output Section Phdr
3.6.8.6 Output Section Fill

3.6.9 Overlay Description

3.7 MEMORY Command
3.8 PHDRS Command
3.9 VERSION Command
3.10 Expressions in Linker Scripts

3.10.1 Constants
3.10.2 Symbol Names
3.10.3 The Location Counter
3.10.4 Operators
3.10.5 Evaluation
3.10.6 The Section of an Expression
3.10.7 Builtin Functions

3.11 Implicit Linker Scripts

4. Machine Dependent Features

4.1 ld and the H8/300
4.2 ld and the Intel 960 Family
4.3 ld and the Motorola 68HC11 and 68HC12 families

4.3.1 Linker Relaxation
4.3.2 Trampoline Generation

4.4 ld's Support for Interworking Between ARM and Thumb Code
4.5 ld and HPPA 32-bit ELF Support
4.6 ld and MMIX
4.7 ld and MSP430
4.8 ld's Support for Various TI COFF Versions
4.9 ld and WIN32 (cygwin/mingw)
4.10 ld and Xtensa Processors

5. BFD

5.1 How It Works: An Outline of BFD

5.1.1 Information Loss
5.1.2 The BFD canonical object-file format

6. Reporting Bugs

6.1 Have You Found a Bug?
6.2 How to Report Bugs

A. MRI Compatible Script Files
B. GNU Free Documentation License

ADDENDUM: How to use this License for your documents

Index